Allow explicitly requesting an system interpreter version in check_system_python (#7306)

Needed for #7300

scripts/check_system_python.py

@@ -47,12 +47,18 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         action="store_true",
         help="Set if the Python installation has an EXTERNALLY-MANAGED marker.",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--python",
+        required=False,
+        help="Set if the system Python version must be explicitly specified, e.g., for prereleases.",
+    )
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
     uv: str = os.path.abspath(args.uv) if args.uv else "uv"
     allow_externally_managed = (
         ["--break-system-packages"] if args.externally_managed else []
     )
+    python = ["--python", args.python] if args.python else []
 
     # Create a temporary directory.
     with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
@@ -69,7 +75,8 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         logging.info("Installing the package `pylint`.")
         subprocess.run(
             [uv, "pip", "install", "pylint", "--system", "--verbose"]
-            + allow_externally_managed,
+            + allow_externally_managed
+            + python,
             cwd=temp_dir,
             check=True,
         )
@@ -94,7 +101,9 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         # Uninstall the package (`pylint`).
         logging.info("Uninstalling the package `pylint`.")
         subprocess.run(
-            [uv, "pip", "uninstall", "pylint", "--system"] + allow_externally_managed,
+            [uv, "pip", "uninstall", "pylint", "--system"]
+            + allow_externally_managed
+            + python,
             cwd=temp_dir,
             check=True,
         )