mirror of
https://github.com/erg-lang/erg.git
synced 2025-10-02 05:31:11 +00:00
123 lines
No EOL
3 KiB
Markdown
123 lines
No EOL
3 KiB
Markdown
# 功能
|
||
|
||
[](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/funcs.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
|
||
|
||
## 基本功能
|
||
|
||
### if|T; U|(cond: Bool, then: T, else: U) -> T or U
|
||
|
||
### map|T; U|(i: Iterable T, f: T -> U) -> Map U
|
||
|
||
请注意，参数的顺序与 Python 相反
|
||
|
||
### log(x: Object, type: LogType = Info) -> None
|
||
|
||
在调试显示中记录"x"。执行完成后汇总并显示日志
|
||
支持表情符号的终端根据"类型"添加前缀
|
||
|
||
* type == Info: 💬
|
||
* type == Ok: ✅
|
||
* type == Warn: ⚠️
|
||
* type == Hint: 💡
|
||
|
||
### panic(msg: Str) -> Panic
|
||
|
||
显示msg并停止
|
||
支持表情符号的终端有一个🚨前缀
|
||
|
||
### discard|T|(x: ...T) -> NoneType
|
||
|
||
扔掉`x`。不使用返回值时使用。与 `del` 不同，它不会使变量 `x` 不可访问
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
p! x =
|
||
# q!应该返回一些不是None或()的值
|
||
# 如果不需要，请使用`discard`
|
||
discard q!(x)
|
||
f x
|
||
|
||
discard True
|
||
assert True # OK
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### import(path: Path) -> Module or CompilerPanic
|
||
|
||
导入一个模块。如果找不到模块，则引发编译错误
|
||
|
||
### eval(code: Str) -> Object
|
||
|
||
将`code`作为代码进行评估并返回
|
||
|
||
### classof(object: Object) -> Class
|
||
|
||
返回`object`的类
|
||
但是，由于无法比较类，如果要判断实例，请使用`object in Class`而不是`classof(object) == Class`
|
||
编译时确定的结构类型是通过`Typeof`获得的
|
||
|
||
## Iterator, Array生成系统
|
||
|
||
### repeat|T|(x: T) -> RepeatIterator T
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
rep = repeat 1 # Repeater(1)
|
||
for! rep, i =>
|
||
print! i
|
||
# 1 1 1 1 1 ...
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### dup|T; N|(x: T, N: Nat) -> [T; N]
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
[a, b, c] = dup new(), 3
|
||
print! a # <Object object>
|
||
print! a == b # False
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### cycle|T|(it: Iterable T) -> CycleIterator T
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
cycle([0, 1]).take 4 # [0, 1, 0, 1]
|
||
cycle("hello").take 3 # "hellohellohello"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 定数式関数
|
||
|
||
### Class
|
||
|
||
创建一个新类。与`Inherit`不同，通过`Class`传递与基类型无关，并且方法会丢失
|
||
您将无法进行比较，但您可以进行模式匹配等操作
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
C = Class {i = Int}
|
||
NewInt = Class Int
|
||
Months = Class 1..12
|
||
jan = Months.new(1)
|
||
jan + Months.new(2) # TypeError: `+` is not implemented for 'Months'
|
||
match jan:
|
||
1 -> log "January"
|
||
_ -> log "Other"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
第二个参数 Impl 是要实现的Trait
|
||
|
||
### Inherit
|
||
|
||
继承一个类。您可以按原样使用基类方法
|
||
|
||
### Trait
|
||
|
||
创造一个新的trait。目前，只能指定记录类型
|
||
|
||
### Typeof
|
||
|
||
返回参数类型。如果要获取运行时类，请使用`classof`
|
||
如果您将其用于类型规范，则会出现警告
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
x: Typeof i = ...
|
||
# TypeWarning: Typeof(i) == Int, please replace it
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Deprecated
|
||
|
||
作为解码器使用。警告不推荐使用的类型或函数 |