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## Summary Adds a way to list all members of an `Enum` and implements almost all of the mechanisms by which members are distinguished from non-members ([spec](https://typing.python.org/en/latest/spec/enums.html#defining-members)). This has no effect on actual enums, so far. ## Test Plan New Markdown tests using `ty_extensions.enum_members`.
439 lines
8.8 KiB
Markdown
439 lines
8.8 KiB
Markdown
# Enums
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## Basic
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```py
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from enum import Enum
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class Color(Enum):
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RED = 1
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GREEN = 2
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BLUE = 3
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reveal_type(Color.RED) # revealed: @Todo(Attribute access on enum classes)
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reveal_type(Color.RED.value) # revealed: @Todo(Attribute access on enum classes)
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# TODO: Should be `Color` or `Literal[Color.RED]`
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reveal_type(Color["RED"]) # revealed: Unknown
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# TODO: Could be `Literal[Color.RED]` to be more precise
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reveal_type(Color(1)) # revealed: Color
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reveal_type(Color.RED in Color) # revealed: bool
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```
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## Enum members
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### Basic
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Simple enums with integer or string values:
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```py
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from enum import Enum
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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class ColorInt(Enum):
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RED = 1
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GREEN = 2
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BLUE = 3
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["RED"], Literal["GREEN"], Literal["BLUE"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(ColorInt))
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class ColorStr(Enum):
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RED = "red"
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GREEN = "green"
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BLUE = "blue"
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["RED"], Literal["GREEN"], Literal["BLUE"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(ColorStr))
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```
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### When deriving from `IntEnum`
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```py
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from enum import IntEnum
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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class ColorInt(IntEnum):
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RED = 1
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GREEN = 2
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BLUE = 3
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["RED"], Literal["GREEN"], Literal["BLUE"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(ColorInt))
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```
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### Declared non-member attributes
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Attributes on the enum class that are declared are not considered members of the enum:
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```py
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from enum import Enum
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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class Answer(Enum):
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YES = 1
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NO = 2
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non_member_1: int
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# TODO: this could be considered an error:
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non_member_1: str = "some value"
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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```
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### Non-member attributes with disallowed type
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Methods, callables, descriptors (including properties), and nested classes that are defined in the
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class are not treated as enum members:
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```py
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from enum import Enum
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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from typing import Callable, Literal
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def identity(x) -> int:
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return x
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class Descriptor:
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def __get__(self, instance, owner):
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return 0
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class Answer(Enum):
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YES = 1
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NO = 2
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def some_method(self) -> None: ...
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@staticmethod
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def some_static_method() -> None: ...
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@classmethod
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def some_class_method(cls) -> None: ...
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some_callable = lambda x: 0
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declared_callable: Callable[[int], int] = identity
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function_reference = identity
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some_descriptor = Descriptor()
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@property
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def some_property(self) -> str:
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return ""
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class NestedClass: ...
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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```
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### `enum.property`
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Enum attributes that are defined using `enum.property` are not considered members:
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```toml
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[environment]
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python-version = "3.11"
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```
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```py
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from enum import Enum, property as enum_property
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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class Answer(Enum):
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YES = 1
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NO = 2
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@enum_property
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def some_property(self) -> str:
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return "property value"
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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```
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### `types.DynamicClassAttribute`
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Attributes defined using `types.DynamicClassAttribute` are not considered members:
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```py
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from enum import Enum
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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from types import DynamicClassAttribute
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class Answer(Enum):
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YES = 1
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NO = 2
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@DynamicClassAttribute
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def dynamic_property(self) -> str:
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return "dynamic value"
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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```
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### In stubs
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Stubs can optionally use `...` for the actual value:
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```pyi
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from enum import Enum
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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from typing import cast
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class Color(Enum):
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RED = ...
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GREEN = cast(int, ...)
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BLUE = 3
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["RED"], Literal["GREEN"], Literal["BLUE"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Color))
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```
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### Aliases
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Enum members can have aliases, which are not considered separate members:
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```py
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from enum import Enum
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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class Answer(Enum):
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YES = 1
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NO = 2
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DEFINITELY = YES
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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```
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### Using `auto()`
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```py
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from enum import Enum, auto
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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class Answer(Enum):
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YES = auto()
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NO = auto()
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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```
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Combining aliases with `auto()`:
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```py
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from enum import Enum, auto
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class Answer(Enum):
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YES = auto()
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NO = auto()
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DEFINITELY = YES
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# TODO: This should ideally be `tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"]]`
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"], Literal["DEFINITELY"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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```
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### `member` and `nonmember`
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```toml
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[environment]
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python-version = "3.11"
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```
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```py
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from enum import Enum, auto, member, nonmember
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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class Answer(Enum):
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YES = member(1)
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NO = member(2)
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OTHER = nonmember(17)
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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```
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`member` can also be used as a decorator:
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```py
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from enum import Enum, member
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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class Answer(Enum):
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yes = member(1)
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no = member(2)
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@member
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def maybe(self) -> None:
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return
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["yes"], Literal["no"], Literal["maybe"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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```
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### Class-private names
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An attribute with a [class-private name] (beginning with, but not ending in, a double underscore) is
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treated as a non-member:
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```py
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from enum import Enum
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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class Answer(Enum):
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YES = 1
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NO = 2
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__private_member = 3
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__maybe__ = 4
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"], Literal["__maybe__"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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```
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### Ignored names
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An enum class can define a class symbol named `_ignore_`. This can be a string containing a
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whitespace-delimited list of names:
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```py
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from enum import Enum
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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class Answer(Enum):
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_ignore_ = "IGNORED _other_ignored also_ignored"
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YES = 1
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NO = 2
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IGNORED = 3
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_other_ignored = "test"
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also_ignored = "test2"
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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```
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`_ignore_` can also be a list of names:
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```py
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class Answer2(Enum):
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_ignore_ = ["MAYBE", "_other"]
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YES = 1
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NO = 2
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MAYBE = 3
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_other = "test"
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# TODO: This should be `tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"]]`
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"], Literal["MAYBE"], Literal["_other"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer2))
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```
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### Special names
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Make sure that special names like `name` and `value` can be used for enum members (without
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conflicting with `Enum.name` and `Enum.value`):
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```py
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from enum import Enum
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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class Answer(Enum):
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name = 1
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value = 2
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["name"], Literal["value"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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# TODO: These should be `Answer` or `Literal[Answer.name]`/``Literal[Answer.value]`
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reveal_type(Answer.name) # revealed: @Todo(Attribute access on enum classes)
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reveal_type(Answer.value) # revealed: @Todo(Attribute access on enum classes)
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```
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## Iterating over enum members
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```py
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from enum import Enum
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class Color(Enum):
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RED = 1
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GREEN = 2
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BLUE = 3
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for color in Color:
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# TODO: Should be `Color`
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reveal_type(color) # revealed: Unknown
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# TODO: Should be `list[Color]`
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reveal_type(list(Color)) # revealed: list[Unknown]
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```
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## Properties of enum types
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### Implicitly final
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An enum with one or more defined members cannot be subclassed. They are implicitly "final".
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```py
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from enum import Enum
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class Color(Enum):
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RED = 1
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GREEN = 2
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BLUE = 3
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# TODO: This should emit an error
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class ExtendedColor(Color):
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YELLOW = 4
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def f(color: Color):
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if isinstance(color, int):
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# TODO: This should be `Never`
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reveal_type(color) # revealed: Color & int
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```
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An `Enum` subclass without any defined members can be subclassed:
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```py
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from enum import Enum
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from ty_extensions import enum_members
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class MyEnum(Enum):
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def some_method(self) -> None:
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pass
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class Answer(MyEnum):
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YES = 1
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NO = 2
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# revealed: tuple[Literal["YES"], Literal["NO"]]
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reveal_type(enum_members(Answer))
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```
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## Custom enum types
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To do: <https://typing.python.org/en/latest/spec/enums.html#enum-definition>
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## Function syntax
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To do: <https://typing.python.org/en/latest/spec/enums.html#enum-definition>
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## Exhaustiveness checking
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To do
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## References
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- Typing spec: <https://typing.python.org/en/latest/spec/enums.html>
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- Documentation: <https://docs.python.org/3/library/enum.html>
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[class-private name]: https://docs.python.org/3/reference/lexical_analysis.html#reserved-classes-of-identifiers
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