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319 lines
9.7 KiB
Markdown
319 lines
9.7 KiB
Markdown
# uv
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[](https://github.com/astral-sh/uv)
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[](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uv)
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[](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uv)
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[](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uv)
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[](https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/actions)
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[](https://discord.gg/astral-sh)
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An extremely fast Python package and project manager, written in Rust.
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<p align="center">
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<picture align="center">
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<source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/assets/1309177/03aa9163-1c79-4a87-a31d-7a9311ed9310">
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<source media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" srcset="https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/assets/1309177/629e59c0-9c6e-4013-9ad4-adb2bcf5080d">
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<img alt="Shows a bar chart with benchmark results." src="https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/assets/1309177/629e59c0-9c6e-4013-9ad4-adb2bcf5080d">
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</picture>
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</p>
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<p align="center">
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<i>Installing <a href="https://trio.readthedocs.io/">Trio</a>'s dependencies with a warm cache.</i>
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</p>
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## Highlights
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- 🚀 A single tool to replace `pip`, `pip-tools`, `pipx`, `poetry`, `pyenv`, `twine`, `virtualenv`,
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and more.
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- ⚡️ [10-100x faster](https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/blob/main/BENCHMARKS.md) than `pip`.
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- 🗂️ Provides [comprehensive project management](#projects), with a
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[universal lockfile](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/concepts/projects/layout#the-lockfile).
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- ❇️ [Runs scripts](#scripts), with support for
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[inline dependency metadata](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/scripts#declaring-script-dependencies).
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- 🐍 [Installs and manages](#python-versions) Python versions.
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- 🛠️ [Runs and installs](#tools) tools published as Python packages.
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- 🔩 Includes a [pip-compatible interface](#the-pip-interface) for a performance boost with a
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familiar CLI.
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- 🏢 Supports Cargo-style [workspaces](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/concepts/projects/workspaces) for
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scalable projects.
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- 💾 Disk-space efficient, with a [global cache](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/concepts/cache) for
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dependency deduplication.
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- ⏬ Installable without Rust or Python via `curl` or `pip`.
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- 🖥️ Supports macOS, Linux, and Windows.
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uv is backed by [Astral](https://astral.sh), the creators of
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[Ruff](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff).
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## Installation
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Install uv with our standalone installers:
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```bash
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# On macOS and Linux.
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curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
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```
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```bash
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# On Windows.
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powershell -ExecutionPolicy ByPass -c "irm https://astral.sh/uv/install.ps1 | iex"
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```
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Or, from [PyPI](https://pypi.org/project/uv/):
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```bash
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# With pip.
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pip install uv
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```
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```bash
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# Or pipx.
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pipx install uv
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```
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If installed via the standalone installer, uv can update itself to the latest version:
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```bash
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uv self update
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```
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See the [installation documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/getting-started/installation/) for
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details and alternative installation methods.
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## Documentation
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uv's documentation is available at [docs.astral.sh/uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv).
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Additionally, the command line reference documentation can be viewed with `uv help`.
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## Features
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### Projects
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uv manages project dependencies and environments, with support for lockfiles, workspaces, and more,
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similar to `rye` or `poetry`:
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```console
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$ uv init example
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Initialized project `example` at `/home/user/example`
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$ cd example
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$ uv add ruff
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Creating virtual environment at: .venv
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Resolved 2 packages in 170ms
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Built example @ file:///home/user/example
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Prepared 2 packages in 627ms
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Installed 2 packages in 1ms
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+ example==0.1.0 (from file:///home/user/example)
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+ ruff==0.5.0
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$ uv run ruff check
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All checks passed!
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$ uv lock
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Resolved 2 packages in 0.33ms
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$ uv sync
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Resolved 2 packages in 0.70ms
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Audited 1 package in 0.02ms
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```
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See the [project documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/projects/) to get started.
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uv also supports building and publishing projects, even if they're not managed with uv. See the
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[publish guide](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/publish/) to learn more.
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### Scripts
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uv manages dependencies and environments for single-file scripts.
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Create a new script and add inline metadata declaring its dependencies:
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```console
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$ echo 'import requests; print(requests.get("https://astral.sh"))' > example.py
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$ uv add --script example.py requests
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Updated `example.py`
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```
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Then, run the script in an isolated virtual environment:
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```console
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$ uv run example.py
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Reading inline script metadata from: example.py
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Installed 5 packages in 12ms
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<Response [200]>
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```
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See the [scripts documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/scripts/) to get started.
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### Tools
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uv executes and installs command-line tools provided by Python packages, similar to `pipx`.
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Run a tool in an ephemeral environment using `uvx` (an alias for `uv tool run`):
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```console
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$ uvx pycowsay 'hello world!'
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Resolved 1 package in 167ms
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Installed 1 package in 9ms
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+ pycowsay==0.0.0.2
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"""
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------------
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< hello world! >
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------------
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\ ^__^
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\ (oo)\_______
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(__)\ )\/\
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||----w |
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|| ||
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```
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Install a tool with `uv tool install`:
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```console
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$ uv tool install ruff
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Resolved 1 package in 6ms
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Installed 1 package in 2ms
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+ ruff==0.5.0
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Installed 1 executable: ruff
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$ ruff --version
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ruff 0.5.0
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```
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See the [tools documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/tools/) to get started.
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### Python versions
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uv installs Python and allows quickly switching between versions.
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Install multiple Python versions:
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```console
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$ uv python install 3.10 3.11 3.12
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Searching for Python versions matching: Python 3.10
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Searching for Python versions matching: Python 3.11
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Searching for Python versions matching: Python 3.12
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Installed 3 versions in 3.42s
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+ cpython-3.10.14-macos-aarch64-none
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+ cpython-3.11.9-macos-aarch64-none
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+ cpython-3.12.4-macos-aarch64-none
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```
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Download Python versions as needed:
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```console
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$ uv venv --python 3.12.0
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Using Python 3.12.0
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Creating virtual environment at: .venv
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Activate with: source .venv/bin/activate
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$ uv run --python pypy@3.8 -- python --version
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Python 3.8.16 (a9dbdca6fc3286b0addd2240f11d97d8e8de187a, Dec 29 2022, 11:45:30)
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[PyPy 7.3.11 with GCC Apple LLVM 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] on darwin
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Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
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>>>>
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```
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Use a specific Python version in the current directory:
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```console
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$ uv python pin 3.11
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Pinned `.python-version` to `3.11`
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```
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See the [Python installation documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/install-python/) to get
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started.
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### The pip interface
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uv provides a drop-in replacement for common `pip`, `pip-tools`, and `virtualenv` commands.
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uv extends their interfaces with advanced features, such as dependency version overrides,
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platform-independent resolutions, reproducible resolutions, alternative resolution strategies, and
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more.
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Migrate to uv without changing your existing workflows — and experience a 10-100x speedup — with the
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`uv pip` interface.
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Compile requirements into a platform-independent requirements file:
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```console
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$ uv pip compile docs/requirements.in \
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--universal \
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--output-file docs/requirements.txt
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Resolved 43 packages in 12ms
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```
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Create a virtual environment:
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```console
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$ uv venv
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Using Python 3.12.3
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Creating virtual environment at: .venv
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Activate with: source .venv/bin/activate
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```
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Install the locked requirements:
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```console
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$ uv pip sync docs/requirements.txt
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Resolved 43 packages in 11ms
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Installed 43 packages in 208ms
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+ babel==2.15.0
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+ black==24.4.2
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+ certifi==2024.7.4
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...
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```
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See the [pip interface documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/pip/index/) to get started.
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## Platform support
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See uv's [platform support](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/reference/platforms/) document.
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## Versioning policy
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See uv's [versioning policy](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/reference/versioning/) document.
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## Contributing
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We are passionate about supporting contributors of all levels of experience and would love to see
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you get involved in the project. See the
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[contributing guide](https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) to get started.
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## Acknowledgements
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uv's dependency resolver uses [PubGrub](https://github.com/pubgrub-rs/pubgrub) under the hood. We're
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grateful to the PubGrub maintainers, especially [Jacob Finkelman](https://github.com/Eh2406), for
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their support.
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uv's Git implementation is based on [Cargo](https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo).
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Some of uv's optimizations are inspired by the great work we've seen in [pnpm](https://pnpm.io/),
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[Orogene](https://github.com/orogene/orogene), and [Bun](https://github.com/oven-sh/bun). We've also
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learned a lot from Nathaniel J. Smith's [Posy](https://github.com/njsmith/posy) and adapted its
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[trampoline](https://github.com/njsmith/posy/tree/main/src/trampolines/windows-trampolines/posy-trampoline)
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for Windows support.
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## License
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uv is licensed under either of
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- Apache License, Version 2.0, ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or
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<https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0>)
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- MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or <https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>)
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at your option.
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Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in uv
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by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be dually licensed as above, without any
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additional terms or conditions.
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<div align="center">
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<a target="_blank" href="https://astral.sh" style="background:none">
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<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/astral-sh/uv/main/assets/svg/Astral.svg" alt="Made by Astral">
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</a>
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</div>
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